Anti-Human CD28 (Clone 9.3) – Biotin
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Antibody DetailsProduct DetailsReactive Species Human Host Species Mouse Expression Host HEK-293 Cells Immunogen Human T lymphocytes Product Concentration 0.5 mg/ml Formulation This Biotinylated antibody is formulated in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (150 mM NaCl) PBS pH 7.4, 1% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide as a preservative. State of Matter Liquid Storage and Handling This biotinylated antibody is stable when stored at 2-8°C. Do not freeze. Regulatory Status Research Use Only Country of Origin USA Shipping 2 – 8° C Wet Ice Additional Applications Reported In Literature ? ELISA, FA, IF, IP Each investigator should determine their own optimal working dilution for specific applications. See directions on lot specific datasheets, as information may periodically change. DescriptionDescriptionSpecificity The Anti-Human CD28 Mouse IgG2a, Clone 9.3 antibody, targets human CD28 Background CD28, a glycoprotein weighing 44 kDa is a member of the Ig superfamily and plays a vital role, in the
activation and survival of T cells1, 2 by enhancing the production of interleukin and the activity of T cells.
CD28 is unique among B7 receptors as it is consistently expressed on T cells. The interaction between
CD28 and B7 is crucial for preventing T cells from becoming anergic and unable to respond to
antigen/MHC complexes highlighting its role in an immune response3-6. The clone 9.3 has gained recognition for its ability to stimulate the growth of human T cells in vitro making it a valuable tool for research focused on studying T cell activation and immune responses. It was developed by immunizing mice with human T cells. It has demonstrated effectiveness in inducing T cell activation and proliferation when combined with TPA thereby influencing IL 2 receptor expression and IL 2 production7. This clone can be utilized for staining a portion of T cells through immunofluorescence methods and has proven successful in immunoprecipitating CD28 from Jurkat cells8. Given its ability to activate T cells and its reactivity with CD28, the 9.3 clone stands as a resource for research. Antigen Distribution CD28 is primarily expressed by thymocytes, most peripheral T cells, and natural
killer (NK) cells. Ligand/Receptor CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) NCBI Gene Bank ID UniProt.org Research Area Costimulatory Molecules . Immunology References & Citations1. Porciello N, Tuosto L. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2016;28:11-19. 2. Xia S, Chen Q, Niu B. Curr Drug Targets. 2020;21(6):589-598. 3. Eck SC, Chang D, Wells AD, Turka LA. Transplantation. 1997;64(10):1497-1499. 4. Linsley PS, Brady W, Grosmaire L, Aruffo A, Damle NK, Ledbetter JA. J Exp Med. 1991;173(3):721-730. 5. Wu Y, Guo Y, Huang A, Zheng P, Liu Y. J Exp Med. 1997;185(7):1327-1335. 6. Sperling AI, Auger JA, Ehst BD, Rulifson IC, Thompson CB, Bluestone JA. J Immunol.1996;157(9):3909-3917. 7. Baroja ML, Lorre K, Van Vaeck F, Ceuppens JL. Cell Immunol. 1989;120(1):205-217. 8. Hara T, Fu SM, Hansen JA. Human T cell activation. II. J Exp Med. 1985;161(6):1513-1524. 9. Kovacs B, Parry RV, Ma Z, et al. J Immunol. 2005;175(12):7848-7854. 10. Bushkin Y, Radford F, Pine R, et al. J Immunol. 2015;194(2):836-841. 11. Hill EV, Ng THS, Burton BR, Oakley CM, Malik K, Wraith DC. Eur J Immunol. 2015;45(4):1103-1115. 12. Huang X, Williams JZ, Chang R, et al. Nat Nanotechnol. 2021;16(2):214-223. 13. Siefken R, Klein-Hessling S, Serfling E, Kurrle R, Schwinzer R. J Immunol. 1998;161(4):1645-1651. Technical ProtocolsCertificate of Analysis |
Formats Available
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Prod No. | Description |
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C884 | |
C883 |
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